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All contents herein (except the illustrations, which are in the public domain) are Copyright © 1995-2020 Evan Morris & Kathy Wollard. Reproduction without written permission is prohibited, with the exception that teachers in public schools may duplicate and distribute the material here for classroom use.

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Synchronicity

Like, wow.

Dear Word Detective: I’m trying to find the word the describes the following examples: When you decide to buy a red minivan then suddenly you notice all the red minivans driving around you, or when you plant a flower in your yard then suddenly you notice all the yards with the same flower planted. I’ve heard it in a seminar but can’t remember any part of the word. –Judy Ewens.

wow08.pngGood question. I believe the word you’re looking for is “suburbia.” More than just a locale on the fringes of big cities, “suburbia” is actually a discrete state of mind, a subset of the Jungian “collective unconscious,” manifested in rigid herd behavior. Today it might be red minivans, fifteen years ago it was those stupid “Baby on Board” signs in every car, tomorrow it’ll be, oh, epaulets on pajamas or something equally pointless. Might as well get with the program and line up for your iPhone.

Just kidding. The word you want is probably “synchronicity,” which is sort of a coincidence on steroids. The word was coined by the Swiss psychologist Carl Jung, to describe, as the Oxford English Dictionary puts it, “the phenomenon of events which coincide in time and appear meaningfully related but have no discoverable causal connection.” A “synchronicity,” from the Greek “synchronos” meaning “happening at the same time,” is a coincidence that seems far too finely tuned to be mere coincidence.

One of the examples of synchronicity cited by Wikipedia (and apparently verified by multiple sources) is a genuine stunner: “During production of The Wizard of Oz, a coat bought from a second-hand store for the costume of Professor Marvel was later found to have belonged to L. Frank Baum, author of the children’s book upon which the film is based.” Ooooeeeooo.

Jung felt that such “synchronicities” were evidence of an underlying pattern or mechanism in human existence and, perhaps, even evidence of a “collective unconscious” shared by all people. Whatever the explanation, most of us have had at least a mild experience of the phenomenon. A few years ago I was reading an essay on the Russian author Anton Chekhov as I waited on a subway platform in New York City. I had just read Chekhov’s famous line “You ask, ‘What is life?’ That is like asking, ‘What is a carrot?’ A carrot is a carrot, and nothing more is known about it,” when the train entered the station. Glancing up, I noticed that the motorman was, improbably but unmistakably, eating a large orange carrot.

Smart

Ow, my brains!

Dear Word Detective: I often have heard, and have used, the term “smart,” in reference to hurting, as in “Boy, that really smarts.” Is this in any way related to “smart” as an assessment of one’s knowledge? — Van Neie.

smart08.pngAs in “I guess trimming my toenails with tin snips wasn’t very smart, because this really smarts”? Good question, and the fact that a sentence like that wouldn’t set off alarm bells in most of our noggins is a tribute to the remarkable ability of the English language to use what appears to be the same word to mean two very different things. Or maybe it means that we’re just not really paying close attention to what we say.

It wouldn’t be surprising to learn that “smart” (learned) and “smart” (pain) are actually two different words from unrelated sources. English is full of such homonyms, words spelled (and often pronounced) the same but with different meanings and different origins. One classic example is the word “fluke,” which can mean a kind of flounder-like fish, the fins on a whale’s tail, the pointy bits on the end of a ship’s anchor, or a stroke of good luck. All those “flukes” come from different sources; English evolved “fluke” four separate times, much as the wings of bats evolved entirely independently from those of birds.

“Smart,” however, is one of those cases where the two primary senses, even though they seem hard to connect to each other, share a common origin. “Smart” meaning “hurt” is actually the grandparent of “smart” meaning “on the ball.” It’s the same word.

The source of “smart” is the prehistoric Germanic root word “smert,” which meant “to be painful; to hurt,” and which eventually produced our modern English “smart.” As a verb, “to smart” has always meant “to hurt,” usually literally, although later uses have invoked the word in a figurative sense (“The fact that it was his own mother who fingered him to the IRS was what really smarted”).

It was when “smart” the verb begat “smart” the adjective that things really started to get interesting. The earliest use of “smart” as an adjective was to mean literally “causing pain, stinging,” as one might speak of a “smart” lash with a whip. But by around 1300, “smart” was also being applied figuratively to “sharp” or “cutting” remarks (“He seldom failed of a smart word or two upon my littleness,” Swift, 1726). This led to “smart” being used to mean “strong, quick, intense” in manner, which led, by the 17th century, to the word being used to mean “clever,” “witty” or “knowledgeable.” The sense of “smart” people being quick, witty and fashionable led shortly thereafter to the use of “smart” to also mean “neatly attired” and “trim.”

Pie-Eyed

Blame it on the bird.

Dear Word Detective: What is the origin of the term “pie-eyed”? Apparently the word “pie” is from the printing trade meaning “a muddle of words or letters.” Does the meaning lie there? — Wendy.

Not exactly. English has two kinds of “pie.” The older “pie,” first appearing in Old English, is the original name for the bird we now call a “magpie.” Just where the “mag” came from is uncertain, but it is probably short for “Margaret,” a custom of the day being adding personal names to those of animals (e.g., Tom Turkey, Jenny Wren, etc.). The root of “pie” in English is the Latin name for the magpie, “pica,” which is related to the Latin for woodpecker, “picus.”

pieeye08.pngMagpies are known for three characteristics: their striking black and white plumage, their raucous calls, and their habit of collecting strange assortments of things in their nests (bits of string, shiny objects, etc.). The magpie’s feathers gave us the adjective “pied” in the 14th century, meaning “streaked or marked with black and white” (as in a “piebald” horse, the “bald” referring to the white patches). “Pied” was later extended to mean “multicolored,” as in the “Pied Piper” of the fable, who was dressed in clothes of many colors.

The second sort of “pie” is the familiar dish, a pastry shell filled with an assortment of ingredients, usually including either meat or fruit. This “pie” appeared in English several hundred years after “pie” meaning “magpie,” and opinions vary as to the origin of this “pie.” But the first edible “pies” were a jumble of meat and vegetables, reminiscent of a magpie’s trove of odd objects, making it probable, in the view of many authorities, that the two “pies” are actually the same word. The bird’s quirky housekeeping, in short, gave us our modern “pie.” A similar linkage ties the name of the Scottish dish “haggis” (a meat and vegetable concoction) to “haggess,” a 16th century English name for the magpie.

The printers’ term “pie” for a jumble of letters so disordered as to resemble the makings of a pie is just one of the descendants of “pie” the food (and, in fact, printers adopted the Latin name of the magpie, “pica,” for a style of type). “Pie” has also been pressed into service as a metaphor for “the whole” of anything (“They want a bigger slice of the pie”), an index of simplicity (“easy as pie,” probably referring to the eating of pie, not the making), and even a sardonic comment on promises of happiness in the afterlife (“Pie in the sky,” coined by labor organizer and troubadour Joe Hill in 1911). “Pie-eyed,” usually meaning “extremely drunk” or “extremely tired,” dates to 1900 and comes from the fixed, wide-eyed stare of the afflicted, with eyes as wide and blank as the top of a pie (“They put him down at a Table and sat around him and inhaled the Scotch until they were all Pie-Eyed,” George Ade, 1904).